Class 10th Chemistry Unit 15 Question And Answer On Newsongoogle By Bilal Articles

“Dive into Class 10th Chemistry Unit 15 with insightful question-and-answer solutions on Newsongoogle, brought to you by Bilal Articles. Uncover detailed explanations and enhance your understanding of Unit 15 concepts for academic success.”

Unit 15

Q1. Why water is considered to be universal solvent?

Ans: Water is the universal solvent because it can dissolve almost all the minerals. Its ability to dissolve substances is because of two unique properties of water, which are: i. Polarity of water molecule. ii. Exceptional hydrogen bonding ability.

Q2. Write occurrence of water?

Ans: The oceans contain about 97% Of World water. The rest of the water is in the form of glaciers, ice caps, ground water and inland water (river, lakes, and steams), It is also present in atmosphere in the form of water vapours,

Q3. Why sea water is unfit for drinking purpose?

Ans: Sea water is unfit for drinking and agricultural purposes due to high percentage of dissolved salts. Only 20 2% of the total water on the Earth is potable, ac fit for drinking purposes

Q4. What happen if you add lump of cesium to water?

Ans: If you add a lump of cesium to water in a glass trough, the reaction is so vigorous that the trough will shatter into small pieces

Q5. How fluorine is beneficial for life?

Ans: In some parts of the world, the water supply commans small amounts of flaorine compounds. found that, in these areas, people did not suffer much from tooth decay. This It was is because compounds of fluorine proteet teeth from decay. This is why many tooth pastes contain fluorine compounds.

Q6. How hard water hampers the cleanings action of soap?

Ans: Soap is the sodium salt of fa long chain carbresylic acid (fatty acid) magnesium and calcurn Those ions react with the soap molecule of calcium and magnesium n salts salts of of faty acids called scum Hard water to form an comains salts of insoluble precipitate As a result, a lunge amount of soap is wasted in scum formatan Thes, shes the efficienty of sep

Q7. What is meant by water pollution?

Ans: Water pollution is a contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans and ground water). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

Q8. What is the difference between soft and hard water?

Ans: Soft water: Soft water is that produces good lather with soap. Hard water: Hard water is that which does not produce lather with soap.

Q9. What are the types of hardness in water?

Ans: There are two types of hardness of water iTemporary hardness is because of presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium. ii. Permanent hardness is because of presence of sulphates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium

Q10. How temporary hardness is removed by boiling method?

Ans: Temporary hardness of water is easily removed by boiling water, on boiling calcium bicarbonate Ca(HCO) decomposes to produce insoluble calcium carbonate, which precipitates out of the solution.

Q11. How temporary hardness is removed by Clark’s method?

Ans: A chemical method to remove temporary hardness is by the addition of slaked lume Ca(OH).

Q12. A calculated amount of lime water is added to temporary hard water.

Ans: It is liver inflammation commonly caused by one of five virases called Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E. Hepatitis A and E can be transmitted by contaminated water.

Q13. What is the importance of water in our daily life?

Ans: Its importance is because of two reasons: it is an cresential and major component of each and every living coll. For example, Firstly, it is human body consists of about 701 water . Secondly, it provides an environment for animals, and plans that live in water. So, all living organens owe thor life because of water

Q14. Write characteristics of pure water?

Ans: Good quality water is colorless, colorless, odorless and tasteless, Hardness of water can be checked by washing Soft water produces lather with steer Pand water has least conductivuy

Q15. What are the industrial effluents of water pollution?

Ans: As Industrial effluents are one of the main causes of water pollution. It includes high toxic organic chemicals, inorganic salts, heavy metals, mineral acids, oil and greases, etc.

Q16. What is meant by water borne diseases? How they are controlled?

Ans: Waterborne diseases are those diseases that spread because of drinking polluted water. These diseases spread because of lack of proper sanitation managements. These diseases can be prevented by using safe water, properly disposing sewage and controlled use of toxic chemicals.

Q17. What is the effect of detergents on scarcity of oxygen?

Ans: Household water in the sewage from toilets, baths, kitchens, etc. consists of detergents used for cleaning purposes. Detergent being non-biodegradable causes rapid growth of aquatic plants. When these plants die and decay, they consume O present in the water. Thus, aquatic life is badly affected because of scarcity of O.

Q18. Write a short note on agricultural effluents?

Ans: Agricultural effluents consist of fertilizers and pesticides. These substances provide nitrate and phosphate ions for rapid growth of aquatic plants. When these plants die and decay, their decomposition process consumes O of water. Thus, depletion of O causes damage to the aquatic life

Q19. What is meant by fluorosis?

Ans: Fluorosis is a disease caused by the consumption of excess fluoride. Fluorosis can cause bones and teeth damage.

Q20. Give composition of water molecule.

Ans: Water is composed of two elements: Oxygen and Hydrogen. One atom of oxygen combines with two atoms of hydrogen to form one molecule of water.

Q21. Write the role of hookworm in causing waterborne disease.

Ans: Hookworm is a parasitic worm that infects the small intestine. Sevene cases can nemit in anemia and stunted growth in children. Hooloworm larvae enter the body through the skin, often via the feet. Spread annum I by poor sanitary condition, hookwortes infiect about one billion people worldwide per

Q22. How Jaundice is caused?

Ans: Jaundice is caused by an excess of bile pigments in the blood. Liver ceases to function and eyes turn yellow. Patient feels weakness and fatigue

Q23. Flow typhoid is caused of?

Ans: A dangerous bacterial discase often spread by costumenared water or by food prepared with contaminated water

Q24. What is meant by water softening?

Ans: The removal of Me” and Casons which are responsible for the hardness is called water softening

Q25. What is Capillary action?

Ans: Capillary action is the process by which water rises up from the roots of plants to leaves. This process is vital for survival of land plants.

Q26. Point out two properties of water that makes it an excellent solvent.

Ans: The ability of water to dissolve substances is because of two unique properties which are: Polarity of water molecule. ii. Exceptional hydrogen bonding ability.

Q27. Why the water molecule is polar?

Ans: Polar nature of Water: Water molecule has a polar structure i.e.; one end of the molecule is partially positive while the other end is partially negative because of electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

Q28. Explain why non-polar gases are soluble in water?

Ans: Water can even dissolve non-polar (un-ionizable) gases like oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen ete. through dipole-induced dipole forces.

Q29. Which salts are responsible for hardness of water?

Ans: Rain water dissolves many salts sal of divalent cations like M * g ^ – 2 C * a ^ 2 and anions like CT, S * O_{4} ^ 2 HCO, and C * O_{3} ^ 12 For example, gypsum (CaS*O_{4} * 0.2H_{2}*O) lime stone (C_{3}*C*O_{3}) These salts make the water hard.

Q30. What is the principle of removing permanent harness of water?

Ans: The permanent hardness can only be removed by using chemicals calcium (C * a ^ 12) and magnesium (M * g ^ 12) are removed as “Insoluble salts” by adding washing soda (N*a_{2}*C*O_{1}) or sodium zeolite.

Q31. How addition of N*a_{2}*C*O_{3} removes permanent hardness of water?

Ans: The addition of washing soda removes the calcium and magnesium ions as the insoluble calcium and magnesium carbonate respectively

Q32. How sodium zeolite softens water?

Ans: Sodium zeolite is a naturally occurring resin of sodium aluminum silicate NaAl(SiO₂): Which can also be prepared artificially. When water is passed through resin sodium ions of the resin are exchanged with the unwanted calcium and magnesium ions of the hard water

Q33. What do you mean by boiler scales? How are they removed?

Ans: Hard water is unfit for use in steam engines, boilers and turbines because insqluble calcium and magnesium salts are deposited inside. This hard-deposited layer of calcium and magnesium salts is called as boiler scale, they can be nemoved by washing the boilers with washing soda, slaked linse and sodium zeoline.

Q34. What is an industrial waste?

Ans: All the industrial units discharge their wastes (chemical and solid materials) either to open ground or to water channels this is called industrial waste or industrial effluent.

Q35. How water used as a cleaning agent in industries cause pollution?

Ans: Water used as cleaning agent in industries is directly discharged out. This water contains all kinds of toxic chemicals and detergents. When these effluents or used water enter lakes, streams, rivers or occans, they either get dissolved or float suspended in water. Even they get deposited on the bed. This results in pollution of water,

Q36. Way use of detergents is increasing day by day?

Ans: The use of detergents is increasing in houses and industries because detergents have strong cleaning action that of soap even in hard water. They can even work in acidic solution.

Q37. How decaying plants consume oxygen?

Ans: Decaying plants consume oxygen for the biodegradable.

Q38. What is function of fertilizers?

Ans: Fertilizers are used to make up the deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorous ete, of the soil because of intensive cultivation of crops in the recent years,

Q39. How pesticides cause water pollution?

Ans: Run-off from the agricultural land (where fertilizer and pesticides have been used) emers into ponds, streams or This water contains nitrate NO. and phosphate PO, salts. These rivers. substancus results ina rapid sunlight and air to reach the aquatic life When algae die and decompose, bacteria consume oxygen of the water for decomposition As a result, oxygen depletes in water. Aquatic animals feel suffocation and ultimately die duc to insufficient supply of oxygen. In this way, pesticides play their role in water pollution,

Q40. Define water borne diseases.

Ans: Diseases that Spread because of drinking pellused water or cating food prepared with pollated water are called water borne diseases.

Q41. What is dysentery”

Ans: Dysentery is an intestinal disazase which is typically caused by certain bacteria or parasites, is characterized by severe dearhea that mury be accompanied by blood de mucoust

Q42. Which of the bacteria causes the cholera

Ans: Bactona vibrio cholera causes cholera

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