Class 9th Biology Short Questions on newsongoogle.com by Bilal Articles
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Short Questions
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biology
Q.1. What do you know about agriculture?
Ans. It deals with the study of food crops and animals which are the source of food. An agriculturist works for the betterment of crops like wheat, rice, corn etc and animals. This professional course can be adopted after the higher secondary education in biology.
Q.2. Define anatomy.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of internal structure of the organisms is called internal morphology or anatomy.
Q.3. What is animal husbandary?
Ans. It deals with the study of care and breeding of livestock.
Livestock includes all the domestic animals like cattle, sheep etc.
This professional course can be adopted after the higher secondary education in biology.
Q.4. Define molecular biology or biochemistry. (Lahore board 2012 G II)
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of the molecules of life. e.g. water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids is called molecular biology. The study of biochemical reactions occurring in living organisms is also included in this branch.
Q.5. What do you know about bioeconomics?
Ans. The study of organisms from economical point of view. It includes the study of cost effectiveness and viability of biological projects e.g. the cost value and profit value of wheat can be calculated through this branch and benefits or losses can be determined.
Q.6. What are bioelements?
Ans. The elements which take part in making the body mass of a living organism are called bioelements. These are 16 in number. There are two types of bioelements.
(i) Major elements: Six elements making 99% mass of living organisms are called major elements. These are C, H, O, Ca, N and P.
(ii) Trace elements: Other ten elements making 1% mass of living organisms are called trace elements. These are K, S, Cl, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn & I.
Q.7. Define biogeography.
Ans. The study of occurrence and distribution of different species of animals and plants in different geographical regions of the world is called biogeography.
Q.8. Define biology.
Ans. The scientific study of living things is called biology. The word “biology” is derived from two Greek words:
(a) “Bios” meaning “life”.
(b) “Logos” meaning “thought or reasoning”.
Biology has three major divisions:
i. Botany: The scientific study of plants is called botany
ii. Zoology: The scientific study of animals is called zoology
iii. Microbiology: The scientific study of microorganisms is called microbiology.
Q.9. What do you know about biomathematics?
Ans. The study of practical and theoretical applications of mathematical techniques and tools in biological processes and research is called biomathematics e.g. To analyze the data gathered after experimental work.
Q.10. What do you mean by biomolecules?
Ans. Atoms of different bioelements combine through ionic or covalent bonding to form stable particles called biomolecules or molecules of life.
An organism is formed by enormous number of biomolecules of hundreds of different types e.g. glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, starch, proteins, lipids etc.
Q.11. Define biophysics. (Lahore board 2012 G II)
Ans. It deals with the study of the principles of physics, which are applicable to the biological phenomena. e.g. similarity between the working principles of lever in Physics and limbs of animals in Biology.
Q.12. What is biotechnology?
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the practical application of the knowledge about microorganisms to carry out processes, which make substances for the welfare of mankind.
Q.13. Define botany.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of plants is called botany. e.g. mustard, rose.
Q.14. What is cell?
Ans. Cell is the basic unit of structure and function of living organisms. Different organelles assemble together to form the simplest living unit i.e. the cell. It may be prokaryotic cell i.e without distinct nucleus and eukaryotic cell i.e. with distinct nucleus.
Q.15. Define Cell biology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of structures and functions of cells and cell organelles is called cell biology. This branch also deals with the process of cell division.
Q.16. What do you mean by colony? Give example.
Ans. When many unicellular organisms live together and each of them lives its own life and does not depend on other cells for its vital requirements, it is called a colony. e.g. Volvox is a green colonial alga living in water.
Q.17. What is community? Give example. (Lahore board 2011 G II)
Ans. Different populations interacting with one another and living in the same environment
form community.
For example, forest. It includes different plant species (oak trees, ash trees, grasses, bushes) different species of microorganisms, fungi and animals.
Q.18. Define embryology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of the development of a new individual from fertilized egg to a new born baby is called embryology. It includes cell growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis (the process that gives rise to tissues and organs).
Q.19. What is entomology?
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of insects. It includes the general characteristics and life cycles of beneficial and harmful insects.
Q.20. What do you mean by environmental biology?
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment is called environmental biology.
Q.21. What do you know about farming?
Ans. It deals with the study of different types of farm, their development and maintenance. For example, in some farms animal breeding technologies are used for the production of animals which are better protein and milk source.In poultry farms, chicken and eggs are produced.In fruit farms, different fruit yielding plants are grown.
Q.22. What is fisheries?
Ans. It deals with the study of fish production and enhancing the quality and quantity of fish production.
Professionals of fisheries are employed in fisheries departments of Pakistan. This profession can be adopted after the bachelor or masters level study of zoology and fisheries.
Q.23. What is forestry?
Ans. It deals with the study of natural forests and advises to the government for planting and growing artificial forests. This professional course can be adopted after the higher secondary education in biology or after bachelor level study of zoology and botany.
Q.24. What are fossils?
Ans. Fossils are dead remains of extinct organisms and their impressions preserved in rocks. Study of these fossils is called palaeontology.
Q.25. Define Genetics.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of the structure and functions of genes and biological inheritance of characters from one generation to the other is called genetics.
Q.26. What do you mean by histology?
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the microscopic study of tissues is called histology.
Q.27. What do you know about horticulture?
Ans. It deals with the study of art of gardening.
A horticulturist works for the betterment of existing varieties and for the production of new varieties of ornamental plants and fruit plants. This professional course can be adopted after the higher secondary education in biology.
Q.28. Define Immunology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of immune system of animals which defends the body against invading microbes.
Q.29. What is inheritance?
Ans. Inheritance means transmission of characters from one generation to the other.
Q.30. Define macromolecules. Give examples.
Ans. The molecules with high molecular weights are called macromolecules e.g. starch, proteins, lipids etc.
Q.31. Define microbiology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of microorganisms is called microbiology e.g. viruses, bacteria, etc.
Q.32. Define micromolecules. Give examples.
Ans. The molecules with low molecular weights are called micromolecules e.g. glucose, amino acids, fatty acids etc.
Q.33. What are microorganisms?
Ans. The organisms which cannot be seen with naked eye. We use microscope in order to see them are called microorganisms e.g. viruses, bacteria, protozoans etc.
Q.34. What is morphology?
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the structure of living organisms is called morphology. It is of two types. If we study the external structure of the organisms, it is called external morphology. When we study internal structure of the organisms, it is called internal morphology or anatomy.
Q.35. Define organ. Give examples.
Ans. In higher multicellular organisms, particularly in animals, more than one type of tissue having related functions are organized together to form a unit, called organ. For example, stomach is an organ specialized for the digestion of proteins and storing food.
Q.36. What is organ system? Give examples.
Ans. In higher multicellular organisms, particularly in animals, different organs performing related functions are organized together in the form of an organ system. For example, digestive system carries out process of digestion. It consists of oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver and pancreas.
Q.37. What do you mean by organelles? Give examples.
Ans. An enormous number of biomolecules become associated in a particular way and form organelles. The organelles are actually sub-cellular structures. e.g. mitochondria, ribosomes etc.
Q.38. Define Palaeontology. (Lahore board 2011 GI) (Lahore board 2011 G II)
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of fossils, which are the remains of extinct organisms.
Q.39. What are Parasites?
Ans. Parasites are the organisms that take food and shelter from living hosts and in return, harm them.
Q.40. Define Parasitology. (Lahore board 2011 GI
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of parasites is called parasitology. The structure, habitats, mode of transmission, life histories and host – parasite relationships are studied in this branch.
Q.41. What do you know about Pharmacology?
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of drugs and their effects on the systems of human body.
Q.42. Define Physiology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of the functions of different parts of living organisms is called physiology.
Q.43. Define Population. Give examples.
Ans. A group of organisms of same species located in the same place, at the same time is called population. For example human population in Pakistan in 2010 comprises of 173.5 million individuals.
Q.44. What are Prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Give examples. (Lahore board 2011 G II)
Ans. The organisms which do not have well defined nucleus and membrane bounded organelles in their cells are called prokaryotes. e.g. bacteria and cyanobacteria.The organisms which have well defined nucleus and membrane bounded organelles in their cells are called eukaryotes. e.g. all animals and plants etc.
Q.45. What do you know about Protista?
Ans. It includes eukaryotic unicellular and simple multicellular organisms. There are three main types of protists.
(i) Algae (Plant like protists) (ii) Protozoans (Animal like protists) (iii) Fungi-like protists
Q.46. Define Science.
Ans. Science is the study in which observations are made, experiments are done and logical conclusions are drawn in order to understand the principles of nature.
Q.47. Define Socio-biology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of social behaviour and communal life of living organisms.
Q.48. What do you know about Surgery?
Ans. In surgery, parts of body may be repaired, replaced or removed.
For example, removal of stones through Renal surgery, transplantation of kidney, liver etc.
Q.49. Define taxonomy. (Lahore board 2012 GI)
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of scientific naming and the classification of organisms into groups and subgroups is called taxonomy.
Q.50. Define Tissue. Give examples.
Ans. A group of similar cells specialized for the performance of a common function. e.g. Xylem tissue, epithelial tissue.
Q.51. What do you know about Volvox?
Ans. Volvox is a green alga found in water that show colonial organization. Hundreds of volvox cells make a colony.
Q.52. Define Zoology.
Ans. The branch of biology which deals with the study of animals is called zoology.
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