1st year biology Chapter 2 Biological Molecules Question an Answers

Short and Simple Question an Answer

Q1: Define amino acid?

Ans: These are small building block molecules that make up protein.

Q2: Define triglycerides?
Ans: It is a lipid compound formed from one glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules.

Q3: Define oligosaccharides?
Ans: It is carbohydrate molecule which yields from 2 to 10 monosaccharide molecules on hydrolysis.

Q4: Define nucleotides?
Ans: It is the building block of nucleic acid made up of a nitrogen containing base, a five carbon sugar and phosphate group.

Q5: Define secondary proteins?
Ans: Spirally coiled polypeptide chain of amino acids is called secondary proteins.

Q6: Define terpenoids?
Ans: Larger lipids compounds which are made up of simple repeating isoprenoid units are called terpenoids.

Q7: Name the carbohydrates suitable as food for man?
Ans: Glucose, fructose and galactose.

Q8: What is the percentage of water in brain cells of man?
Ans: Brain cells of man contain 85 percent water.

Q9: What is the function of mRNA?

Ans: The messenger RNA takes the genetic message from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm to form a particular protein.

Q10: What is meant by saturated acy glycerol?

Ans: They do not contain any double bond between carbon atom and they are solid at ordinary temperature mostly found in animals.

Q11: What is dextrin?

Ans: The oligosaccharides which contain 3 to 10 monosaccharide are commonly known as dextrin.

Q12: Name the four main types of biological molecules?
Ans: (1) carbohydrates (2) Lipids (3) Protein (4) Nucleic acid

Q13: What are biochemicals?
Ans: The chemical compounds of living organisms are called biochemicals and these are mainly composed of six elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur these substances form the 98% of the biochemicals.

Q14: Define buffer?
And: It is a substance that binds hydrogen ion when concentration of H are higher and releases hydrogen ions when concentration of H are low.

Q15: How many structures of protein are found?

And: There are four basic structures of protein are found i-e primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Q16: What is condensation?
Ans: The joining of two monomers is called condensation.

Q17: What is meant by organic molecules?
Ans: Molecules which contains carbon as basic element and bounded hydrogen covalently are known as organic molecules.

Q18: What is hydrolysis?
Ans: The process in which macromolecules are broken down into smaller subunits by the addition of water is known as hydrolysis.