1st year Computer Chapter 1 Bascis of Information Technology Question an Answer

Shorts and Simple Question an Answer

Q1. What is Information Technology (IT)?

Ans. Information Technology (IT) is the use of computing and high-speed communication to share information globally, connecting computers for data exchange.

Q2. Differentiate between System Software and Application Software?

• Ans. System Software: Controls computer operations and enables other applications. Examples include operating systems and utility programs.
• Application Software: Solves specific user problems and is divided into custom-built and packaged software.

Q3. Differentiate between Dot Matrix and Daisy Wheel Printers?

• Ans. Dot Matrix Printer: Prints characters one at a time using pins in a matrix.
• Daisy Wheel Printer: Resembles a typewriter with a circular print wheel.

Q4. Define Memory Cell, Memory Word, and Byte?

Ans. Memory Cell: An electronic switch that stores 0 or 1.

• Memory Word: A group of bits representing data.
• Byte: A group of 8 bits.

Q5. Write a short note on a plotter?

Ans. A plotter is an output device used for large-format printing of architectural drawings, maps, and charts. It works by moving a pen on paper to draw lines.

Q6. Define the working of a scanner?

Ans. A scanner is a light-sensing input device that scans images with light, converting them into digital form for storage in a computer.

Q7. Brief Note on Non-impact Printers?

Ans. Non-impact printers, like Laser, Inkjet, and Thermal printers, produce characters and graphics on paper without physically striking it. They use methods such as lasers, heat, and pressure to create prints. These printers are faster, quieter, and offer better print quality compared to impact printers.

Q8. Definition of Static and Dynamic Memory Devices?

• Ans. Static Memory Devices: These are semiconductor memory devices that don’t need periodic refresh. They are faster than dynamic memory devices. Example: SRAM.
• Dynamic Memory Devices: These semiconductor memory devices require periodic refreshing, making them slower. Example: DRAM.

Q9. Short Note on Computer Software?

Ans. Computer software is a set of instructions given to a computer to solve specific problems. It tells the computer what to do and how to do it, enabling various operations. Software is developed by writing instructions in a programming language.

Q10. Description of RAM and Its Types?

Ans. RAM (Random Access Memory) allows direct access to individual bytes and temporarily stores data and instructions. It’s volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off. RAM has two types: DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) and SRAM (Static Random Access Memory).

Q11. Explanation of Access Time in RAM?

Ans. Access time in RAM is the time taken by a processor to read or write data, measured in nanoseconds. Faster access time leads to quicker processing. For fast RAM chips, the access time is typically around 70 nanoseconds.

Q12. Brief on System Development in Information System Development?

Ans. System Development involves writing program code in a programming language. It’s a crucial phase where programmers and software engineers use program specifications, algorithms, and flowcharts to create software.

Q13. Definition of Cycle Time?

Ans. Cycle time is the duration needed to perform a read or write operation on a memory location and return to its original state for the next operation. It’s measured in nanoseconds and is typically longer than access time.

Q14. Difference Between Random Access Memory and Sequential Access Memory?

• Ans. Random Access Memory (RAM): Allows the CPU to perform random read and write operations. It’s read/write memory, very fast, with the same access time for any memory location.
• Sequential Access Memory: Enables the CPU to perform read and write operations sequentially, reading and storing information one after the other. It’s slower, with varying access times for different locations.